What term is used for lateral-load-resisting elements not connected in a plane?

The term used for lateral-load-resisting elements that are not connected in a plane is "in-plane discontinuity." In structural engineering and design, the concept refers to situations where elements intended to resist lateral loads (such as wind or seismic forces) are not aligned or connected within the same horizontal or vertical plane. This discontinuity can lead to ineffective load transfer, impacting the overall stability and performance of a structure under lateral loads.

By contrast, "in-plane continuity" describes scenarios where such elements are properly aligned, providing a coherent and effective load path. Meanwhile, "vertical alignment" and "horizontal offset" refer to specific orientations and positional relationships of elements but do not specifically capture the essence of load resistance in terms of planarity. Therefore, "in-plane discontinuity" accurately reflects the lack of connection and alignment necessary for effective lateral load resistance.