What is a "benchmark" in surveying?

A "benchmark" in surveying refers to a permanent reference point of known elevation that serves as a critical reference for all elevation measurements taken in a given area. These benchmarks are established using precise and accurate surveying techniques and are often marked with physical markers, such as metal discs or carved stones.

Benchmarks are essential in various surveying tasks, including topographic surveys, construction, and floodplain mapping, as they provide a stable point from which other elevations can be accurately measured. The elevation data collected from benchmarks allows surveyors to ensure consistency and precision, ultimately aiding in the design and analysis of land development and infrastructures.

Understanding the significance of benchmarks is crucial for surveyors, as they ensure that all elevations and vertical distances in a project remain consistent, which is vital for ensuring the accuracy and integrity of the surveying work being performed.